Prevention of HIV among Older Adults: A Comprehensive Review

Ngugi Mwaura J.

School of Natural and Applied Sciences Kampala International University Uganda

ABSTRACT

HIV/AIDS has historically been associated with younger populations, but the growing number of older adults affected by the virus has prompted a shift in focus. This review examines the unique challenges faced by older adults in preventing and managing HIV, addressing their biological, social, and healthcare-related vulnerabilities. Factors such as the success of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in extending life expectancy, late diagnoses, and the lack of targeted prevention efforts contribute to the increasing prevalence of HIV among individuals over 50. The review explores the epidemiology of HIV in older adults, the risk factors specific to this demographic—including sexual health, low awareness, and social isolation—and the barriers to adequate healthcare access, such as stigma and inadequate provider awareness. Additionally, the review dispels common misconceptions about HIV in older adults, including stereotypes around sexual inactivity and age-related immunity. The need for age-specific prevention strategies, tailored healthcare interventions, and improved education on sexual health in older adults is highlighted. By identifying gaps in current HIV prevention programs and proposing comprehensive interventions, this review emphasizes the importance of addressing the HIV epidemic among older adults to ensure equitable healthcare outcomes.

Keywords: HIV/AIDS, older adults, antiretroviral therapy (ART), late diagnosis, sexual health, HIV prevention.

CITE AS: Ngugi Mwaura J. (2024). Prevention of HIV among Older Adults: A Comprehensive Review. RESEARCH INVENTION JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH AND PHARMACY 3(3): 50-55.  https://doi.org/10.59298/RIJPP/2024/335055