Alcohol Consumption during Pregnancy: Risks, Guidelines, and Global Perspectives on Preventing Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD)

Galabba Francis A.

Faculty of Medicine Kampala International University Uganda

ABSTRACT

Alcohol consumption during pregnancy is a major public health concern due to its detrimental effects on fetal development. Despite extensive awareness campaigns and educational initiatives, misconceptions about the safety of prenatal alcohol use persist. This comprehensive review explores the impact of alcohol on fetal development, the spectrum of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD), and the variations in guidelines from leading health organizations globally. Detailed analyses of the effects of alcohol consumption during different trimesters and the cumulative impacts throughout pregnancy are provided. The review underscores the necessity of abstinence from alcohol during pregnancy to prevent FASD and other related disorders. It also discusses the prevalence, epidemiology, and risk factors of alcohol use during pregnancy, as well as the psychosocial impacts, screening, diagnosis, and interventions. Public health campaigns and educational efforts are highlighted as critical components in preventing prenatal alcohol exposure. By synthesizing current research and recommendations, this review aims to provide a clear and evidence-based perspective on the risks associated with alcohol consumption during pregnancy, emphasizing the importance of informed decision-making by healthcare providers and expectant mothers.

Keywords: Alcohol consumption, Pregnancy, Fetal development, Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD), Trimester effects, Neurodevelopmental disorders

CITE AS: Galabba Francis A. (2024). Alcohol Consumption during Pregnancy: Risks, Guidelines, and Global Perspectives on Preventing Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD). RESEARCH INVENTION JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC AND EXPERIMENTAL SCIENCES 3(3):17-21.