Narrative Review of Bariatric Surgery Outcomes

Bwanbale Geoffrey David

Faculty of Pharmacy Kampala International University Uganda

ABSTRACT

Bariatric surgery has become the cornerstone in the management of severe obesity, offering significant and sustained weight reduction alongside improvement or resolution of obesity-related comorbidities. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the different bariatric procedures Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB), sleeve gastrectomy (SG), adjustable gastric banding (AGB), and biliopancreatic diversion (BPD) and compares their efficacy, complications, ethical implications, and global trends. Early and late complications remain procedure-dependent, ranging from internal hernias and gallstone formation to nutritional deficiencies and psychological adjustments. Comparative studies demonstrate that RYGB and SG achieve superior long-term weight reduction compared to AGB and non-surgical interventions. Patient selection criteria, ethical considerations, and economic impact remain central to optimizing outcomes and ensuring equitable access to treatment. The role of multidisciplinary teams is vital for ensuring long-term success, providing holistic care through preoperative assessment, psychological counseling, and nutritional follow-up. Advances in surgical technology, patient-centered care models, and policy frameworks continue to shape the field. Future research should focus on personalized surgical approaches, integration of digital monitoring, and equitable policy development to enhance the safety, accessibility, and sustainability of bariatric surgery worldwide.

Keywords: Bariatric surgery, Obesity management, surgical outcomes, Multidisciplinary care, Ethical and policy considerations.

CITE AS: Bwanbale Geoffrey David (2025). Narrative Review of Bariatric Surgery Outcomes. RESEARCH INVENTION JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC AND EXPERIMENTAL SCIENCES 5(3):170-180. https://doi.org/10.59298/RIJSES/2025/531170180